India’s Project‑75(I): A Strategic Leap in Naval Defence

India has taken a significant step toward modernizing its naval capabilities with the approval of negotiations for six advanced conventional submarines under Project‑75(India) (P‑75I). Valued at approximately ₹70,000 crore, this initiative represents a collaboration between Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) and Germany’s Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems (TKMS). The project is set to enhance the Indian Navy’s underwater warfare capabilities while promoting indigenous defence manufacturing under the Make in India program.

The government is exploring options to fast-track both nuclear and conventional submarine projects, recognising their strategic importance in the region | Moneycontrol

Project Overview

Project‑75I is designed to replace aging submarines and strengthen the operational reach of the Indian Navy. The six submarines will incorporate Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology, enabling them to remain submerged for extended periods, significantly improving stealth and endurance. These submarines are expected to bridge critical capability gaps, ensuring the Navy can operate effectively in increasingly contested maritime regions.

The approval by the Cabinet Committee on Security follows a rigorous evaluation of technological and operational criteria. Initially, multiple international companies were considered, but Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, in collaboration with MDL, emerged as the sole qualifying bidder after meeting India’s stringent requirements.

Technological Advancements

The P‑75I submarines will integrate cutting-edge German engineering and design expertise. The AIP system allows the submarines to operate without surfacing, enhancing stealth operations in strategic maritime zones. Beyond propulsion, the vessels will feature advanced sensors, communication systems, and weaponry, aligning them with contemporary standards for underwater combat effectiveness.

This collaboration is also expected to facilitate technology transfer and skill development within India’s defence sector, raising domestic capabilities for future indigenous submarine programs.

Strategic Significance

India’s decision to move forward with Project‑75I comes amid evolving regional maritime dynamics. With the growing naval presence of China in the Indian Ocean and advances in Pakistan’s submarine fleet, India recognizes the necessity of a modern, capable undersea force. The P‑75I submarines will play a crucial role in deterrence, maritime security, and safeguarding India’s strategic interests in the region.

Furthermore, this initiative complements other naval modernization programs, including nuclear submarine development and broader fleet upgrades, highlighting India’s commitment to maintaining a robust maritime posture.

Economic and Industrial Impact

Beyond enhancing military capabilities, Project‑75I is expected to generate significant economic and industrial benefits. By fostering collaboration between MDL and TKMS, the program will promote domestic manufacturing, high-skilled employment, and research in defence technologies. The project aligns with India’s long-term vision of self-reliance in defence production, reducing dependence on foreign imports while building technological expertise domestically.

Conclusion

Project‑75I represents a transformative moment for India’s naval strategy. The integration of advanced technology, international collaboration, and domestic manufacturing ensures that the Indian Navy will possess a fleet capable of meeting contemporary challenges. With the first submarines expected to be delivered in the coming decade, this project will not only enhance India’s undersea combat capabilities but also contribute to long-term strategic stability in the Indian Ocean region.

(Sources: Firstpost, Moneycontrol, Times of India)