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From Nairobi to Pahalgam: The Global Pattern of Anti-Hindu Terror

Introduction: Targeting by Faith in a Globalised Age

On the surface, Kenya and Kashmir may seem worlds apart. Yet, events in Nairobi’s Westgate Mall in 2013 and the serene meadows of Pahalgam in 2025 expose a shared horror: the calculated, cold-blooded targeting of people based on their religion. The tactics used by terrorists in both cases—questioning captives about their faith and executing non-Muslims—are chillingly identical, revealing a broader ideological agenda that extends far beyond national borders.


Security personnel inspect the aftermath of the attack in Pahalgam, about 90 kilometres from Srinagar (Tauseef Mustafa/AFP via Getty Images) | The Interpreter
Security personnel inspect the aftermath of the attack in Pahalgam, about 90 kilometres from Srinagar (Tauseef Mustafa/AFP via Getty Images) | The Interpreter

The 2013 Westgate Mall Siege: A Brutal Message from al-Shabaab

On September 21, 2013, four masked gunmen stormed Westgate Mall, a high-end shopping center in Nairobi, Kenya. The attackers were from al-Shabaab, a Somali-based Islamic terrorist group affiliated with al-Qaeda. For 80 hours, they held the mall under siege. The result: 67 people killed, over 175 injured, and countless traumatized.


But this was not indiscriminate violence. The attackers singled out non-Muslims, asking hostages to recite Islamic prayers or answer religious questions. Those who could not comply were shot at point-blank range. Muslims were allowed to leave safely, a fact that stunned the global audience watching the crisis unfold.


Al-Shabaab claimed the attack was retaliation against Kenya’s military operations in Somalia, but their method sent a different signal: this was about religious purity, about asserting ideological dominance through bloodshed.


India's 2025 Pahalgam Massacre: A Mirror Image

Fast forward to April 22, 2025. The picturesque Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam in Jammu and Kashmir, a popular Hindu tourist destination, became the site of a horrific ambush. Militants attacked a group of unarmed Hindu tourists, killing 26 and injuring over 20. A strikingly similar tactic was employed: religious interrogation.


The assailants reportedly asked visitors to recite Islamic verses. Those who failed were executed on the spot. A Hindu family survived only by hiding in a ditch and recording part of the carnage while ziplining—footage that later went viral and stirred national outrage.


This was not merely an act of terrorism—it was an execution of civilians based on their faith, echoing the same ideology that fueled the Westgate massacre.


Religious Testing: A Pattern of Islamist Terror

Both attacks followed the same operational logic: isolate non-Muslims, verify using religious tests, and execute them. In Nairobi, it was the Shahada. In Pahalgam, it was verses from the Qur’an.


This method is not new. During the Partition of India in 1947, trains filled with Sikhs and Hindus were attacked after identification. In 1990, Kashmiri Pandits were told to convert, leave, or die, leading to an exodus. The difference in recent years? Digital documentation and real-time media now capture these acts, yet the global reaction remains muted.


The Larger Story: The Systematic Persecution of Hindus

These events are not isolated. They form part of a broader historical trend—the targeting of Hindus in South Asia and beyond. This persecution spans centuries and borders:

  • In Bangladesh, Hindus faced brutal violence in 2001 following the general elections. Thousands of Hindu women were raped, and entire families were driven from their homes.

  • During Durga Puja in 2021, mobs in Bangladesh burned temples and homes over alleged desecration of the Qur’an. Incidents repeated during Ram Navami and Kali Puja in 2022 and 2023.

  • In Pakistan, particularly Sindh, forced conversions of Hindu girls—some as young as 12—remain widespread. The Shariat Court has often sided with perpetrators. Religious minorities, especially Hindus, live in constant fear.


The mass silence of the global community, including human rights organizations, raises critical questions. When similar tactics are used against Jews or Christians, they rightly provoke global condemnation. Why then, does Hindu suffering often go unnoticed or unreported?


The Civilisational War: Symbols, Temples, and Erasure

The issue isn’t just physical violence. It’s a war on symbols and identity:

  • The Somnath temple was destroyed 17 times and rebuilt each time. These weren’t random acts—they were ideological attacks on a civilization.

  • Mosques built over temples—such as the Babri structure over Ram Janmabhoomi—represent historical conquest and humiliation.

  • The Qutub complex in Delhi houses 27 demolished Jain and Hindu temples buried under the present structure.


Across centuries, this has been a war not just on people but on philosophy, thought, and spirit. Hindus have historically never invaded or forcibly converted others, yet have faced continuous aggression.


This isn’t about the past alone. Even today, Hindus in India’s tribal regions, North-East, and border areas face systematic religious conversions. Once converted, the cultural, historical, and even political alignment of these communities changes, sometimes turning them against the very nation that nurtured them.


Modern Repercussions: Diplomacy, Crackdowns, and Narratives

In the aftermath of the Pahalgam massacre, India launched a massive security operation, arresting several suspects. Pakistan denied involvement, blaming non-state actors, while Iran offered to mediate.


Domestically, the Indian government faced a conundrum: crack down too hard, and international media accuse it of authoritarianism; do too little, and the public questions its resolve.


Activists also raised concerns over civilian detentions, prompting criticism from Western human rights groups—most of whom were silent during the massacres themselves.


Conclusion: A Call for Truth, Not Vengeance

The Westgate and Pahalgam attacks are more than coordinated acts of terror. They are part of an ongoing ideological war—a religious supremacist war against pluralism, diversity, and ancient civilizations.


For the Hindu community, this is not just about trauma—it’s about identity, survival, and truth. Temples can be rebuilt, but silence in the face of erasure is fatal. Whether in Nairobi or Pahalgam, the world must recognize, document, and respond to these atrocities—not through revenge, but through a firm assertion of civilizational self-respect.


To ignore these patterns is to allow history to repeat itself—again, and again, and again.



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